Where have all the soldiers gone…
by David Benjamin
MADISON,
Wis. — Used to be, you couldn’t swing a dead cat without hitting a GI.
Well, a former GI. In the bygone halcyon days of universal conscription,
every male had to do his hitch, or get really creative to duck Uncle
Sam.
My dad, who was eligible for World War II, got a medical
deferment. When the next war, in Korea, rolled around, he was healthy as
a stallion, but got off again because he was sole support — a role he
observed with a rascal air of devil-may-care — of a family of four. But
Dad was an anomaly among the adult males in town, most of whom had
served in some unit in some outfit that had done serious combat
somewhere. Plus, we had the VA Hospital on the north side of town,
crawling with vets, and Camp McCoy out on Highway 21, where you couldn’t
swing a dead cat without, well, you know the rest.
Two features
distinguished Tomah’s grizzled ex-GIs. One, they were alive and
eternally grateful for that. Second, they said almost nothing about
their service, perhaps out of modesty, more likely because they just
wanted to forget, most likely because they didn’t have words to explain
to “civilians” what they’d experienced in Bastogne, or Kwajalein, or
somewhere in the sky above Italy.
They certainly didn’t need to
explain GI life. Popular culture, throughout mid-century, was thick with
references to basic and barracks, furloughs and foxholes, from Sgt.
Bilko to “McHale’s Navy,” from here to eternity. Every kid in town knew
the Army hierarchy from buck private to bird colonel. We were fluent in
GI slang, from SNAFU to semper fi. Our comic book diet included monthly
fixes of Beetle Bailey, Sad Sack and Sgt. Rock. One of the tunes that
still goes through my head is a MAD magazine chicken-brass anthem, to the tune of “Anchors Aweigh” that begins, “Off we go, into the barracks yonder,/ Pulling an inspection again…”
And we played soldier more than we played cowboys-and-Indians.
In
America then, military service was one one of life’s inevitabilities.
Few of us imagined ever going to college. All of us expected to be GIs.
The
veterans around us had lived through a perilous personal trial that had
changed them forever, but few ever boasted or bitched, or even waxed
nostalgic about their hitch, because all the other guys had marched to
the same drummer. Historian Stephen Ambrose dwelt eloquently on the fact
that in the great conflicts of our past, citizens were soldiers and
soldiers were citizens. We all did it. We all had to.
My favorite movie GI is Captain Miller, the platoon leader in Saving Private Ryan.
His real-life job is a mystery to his men ’til late in the film, when
he reveals himself as a “schoolteacher” — an educated man in an
8th-grade world.
Capt. Miller’s presence on a bloody plain among
ignorant men was a measure of the parity imposed on all American males
by the draft. The U.S. military grew over the years into a crucible that
defied class, ethnic, religious and — finally, by order of Harry Truman
— racial barriers, more effectively than in any other institution. The
Army remains today a sort of retreat from complexity where all men — and
now women — are created, ordered around, broken down, built up, live
and die in a community where, like it or not, we’re all in this
together.
When my turn came around on the guitar, the war was
Vietnam. The draft was still at work but it had loopholes. If you got
into college, you had a reprieve of four or five years, long enough to
find a doctor who could diagnose you into a permanent deferment. If you
were rich, your old man probably knew a general or a senator who could
stash you safely in the National Guard. The melting pot was going cold.
The war became a meatgrinder reserved for the dumb, the poor and the
pure.
But even in its waning hour, the draft had profound
consequences. Many young men (like me) doubted, opposed or hated the
war. But we couldn’t just leave it up to the jungle-bound suckers who
didn’t have an angle. The draft made you decide. The draft forced you to
think about your deeply held values, if you actually had any: Do you
hate the war? Do you hate it out of principle, or just fear? Do you hate
all war, or just this one? Do you love America? Do you believe in the
military?
I had to face the old men of my draft board and answer
all those questions. Plus this one: Kid, rather than go to war, are you
prepared to go to prison?
Since 1970, no young man has been
compelled to answer these questions. The greatest moral dilemma of my
lifetime is now a mere hypothesis. No choice is necessary.
Now,
with only a handful among us — the dumb, the poor, the pure — choosing
to serve, most of us opt by default not to be citizens. We muddle along,
dubious of our government but tolerant of the wars it wages on our
behalf. To soothe our conscience, we’ve made those who bear our arms
into generic “heroes,” without asking of them anything noticeably
heroic. To be deemed a hero now is to simply put on the uniform. But
now, the uniform defines you as a career soldier, the sort of mercenary
myrmidon maligned throughout most of American history.
In the era
of the citizen soldier, the principle was that we’d fight as long as
must, then go home to families, farms and factories. We’d turn back into
regular people. War was more a matter of necessity and dread than
ideology and glory.
Today, we field a professional army whose
members are remote from our families, our communities, our everyday
lives and body politic. We idolize them ritually in flag-draped pageants
before the football game, but hardly anyone knows them personally. Our
new-breed of GIs (can we still call them such?) are deployed,
re-deployed and re-deployed beyond the limit of emotional endurance, in a
far hemisphere, among angry natives and bomb-strapped zealots. But our
empathy is desultory.
Today, we don’t seem to be waging real war
anywhere, although we drop tons of ordnance, vaporize civilians,
obliterate neighborhoods, enrich the Warbucks plutocracy and shovel
treasure into a ravenous Pentagon. We boast the biggest cannon-fodder
industry in earthly history, a spendthrift foreign legion commanded
ridiculously by a septuagenarian draft-dodger for whom glory is a
ceaseless genital itch.
Am I alone in thinking that the draft
wasn’t so bad after all? That maybe it was better — more American — when
our GIs were milkmen and welders, paperhangers and schoolteachers,
everywhere amongst us and, from the day they got in, they couldn’t wait
to get out.
Thursday, March 30, 2017
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1 comment:
Glad you’re back, hope you and Hotlips had your usual good trip. (I only got to Paris once and couldn’t fake enough French to make it fun for me, I was just another “Ugly American” to them...even though I believe if it hadn’t been for “them” we Americans wouldn’t have won our war of Independence...or our wars with Germany, twice?)
Your question about, “Where have all the soldiers gone...” (plus all the flowers, young girls, young men and graveyards, too, I presume,” it hit the nail most squarely on my old grey head. You explain the greatest “moral dilemma” of our generation “precisely,” and I can assure you you’re not alone in thinking the “draft” wasn’t so bad: I graduated from college in June 1966, got my draft notice in July, was inducted into the army in August, into Vietnam in ’68, and been living on borrowed time ever since...wondering how and why I survived?
The only thing better than a draft, to me, is to get beyond military solutions and nation states altogether! They will never stop trumping up excuses for why we must go to war. Captain Miller, and his educated band of men and women “in our 8th-grade world,” must try now, please, to get us to the next level, the kindergarten level of life on earth where we learn how to share and play nice! (By 8th-grade we are lost if we have not yet learned how the whole world belongs to EVERYBODY... not just to the biggest bully or funkiest fraud on the block.)
Can we ever get beyond nation states, military forces, and enough of our bad habits to save us? I think we must! Too few have too much sway over too many of us by catering to our fears and hatreds rather than by setting us straight? Are we so “dumb, poor, or pure” we don’t stand a chance of getting beyond the way things are (the way things have presumably always been)? Big sticks, group pressure, person-to-person talks (I know they work) Yes! Big bombs, group insanity, person-to-person put-downs (is that all we have left and must we accept it) No!
How about a whole new system of neighborhoods not nations on earth, with public service of some kind as a requirement to qualify for citizenship in the new world order we will need to create, if we want life on earth to continue for at least another generation or two? And how about if we abolish corporations and financial markets and stop using market approaches to everything? Is our main problem on earth maintenance of supplies and resources or marketing and making enough money to survive? Must we kill or be killed to learn how to live together in peace? Will Gort, from The Day the Earth Stood Still, wait for an answer, or draw its own conclusions based on our facts?
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